What is Autism?
Autism, also known as an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability. People with autism are not good at communication skills. They go through behavoiral challenges and have trouble understanding what the other person is feeling or is trying to convey.
It is considered a lifelong disability, and the level of impairment in functioning our daily lives varies from person to person with autism.
According to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, autism is estimated to affect 1 in 44 children in the United States. Autism is said to be more common in boys than in girls.
Signs of Autism
Signs and symptoms of autism vary in younger and older children. The symptoms start showing before the age of three. A parent may notice the following issues that an autistic child goes through:
- Lack of eye contact
- Difficulty following and engaging in conversations
- Stressed when routines are even slightly disrupted
- Lack of enjoyment in activities
- Problems in expressing feelings and needs
- Not wanting to be held or cuddled
- Slow or no response to people trying to gain their attention
- Sensitivity to taste, light, and smell
- Struggle understanding other person’s point of view
- Talking in a flat or robotic voice
- Trouble adapting to changes in routine
Autistic people may have problems with learning and their skills might develop unevenly, but they have strengths too. These include:
- Superior memory for facts and figures
- Special knowledge in topics of interest
- Are highly invested and motivated in activities of interest
- High accuracy in performing various tasks
- Problem-solving approaches
- Detail-oriented
- Ability to follow instructions accurately
- Have the ability to see the world from a different perspective
- Ability to stay loyal and honest in a relationship
- A unique sense of humor
Stages of Autistic Spectrum Disorder
There are three stages of autism spectrum disorder which doctors determine according to the amount of support an individual requires.
When a person is diagnosed with autism, their functional level is identified. ASD is described in three stages.
Stage 1: High functioning
Stage 1 is considered a mild form of autism. Autistic people who are going through this stage type may have problems with social relationships and restrictive behaviors. They barely need any support to function in their daily life.
Stage 2: Moderately severe
People with Stage 2 autism spectrum disorder require more support. They go through social difficulties and may need assistance to manage problematic behaviors.
Stage 3: Severe
People with Stage 3 autism go through severe symptoms that interfere with their ability to live and function independently. They lack communication skills, struggle with change, and are not able to fit in a chaotic environment.
What Causes Autism?
The exact cause of autism has not been diagnosed. This can be due to problems with the part of the brain.
- Because autism occurs in the family, certain gene combinations may increase the risk of an autistic child.
- Pregnant women who are exposed to certain drugs or chemicals, such as alcohol or drugs, are more likely to have children with autism.
- Other risk factors include maternal metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity.
A word from the doctor
Having an autistic child in a family can be stressful, time-consuming, and expensive.
And you do not have to feel guilty about it. If you or your close ones are struggling with an autistic child.
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